In refrigrasi mechanical vapor compression systems are a series of four main components: evaporator, compressor, condenser, and refrigerant flow control devices. Each component has a trait and its own function differently, but in an integrated and operate together will be able to move the thermal energy.
The impact of operating a refrigeration system on an object is, if picked up some of the energy contained in it, the temperature of the object will decrease. Conversely, because the refrigeration system operation is then a number of displaced thermal energy to the environment, the environment can become warmer.
The following is a brief description of the main components of a mechanical refrigeration system:
1. Condenser (condenser - CD)
Condenser is the component where the refrigerant phase change process occurs, the vapor phase into liquid phase. From the process of condensation (condensation) that occur in it that was then this component gets its name. The process of condensation will take place when the refrigerant to release the heat it contains.
Heat is released and discharged into the environment. In order for heat to escape into the environment, then the condensation temperature (TKD) should be higher than the ambient temperature (Tling). Because the refrigerant is a substance that is very volatile, so for him to be made of high pressure condensed. Thus, the condenser is the part where the high-pressure refrigerant (PKD = high pressure - HP).
2. Counterfeit expansion (expansion devices - Exd)
This tool serves as a gate that regulates how much liquid refrigerant is allowed to flow from the condenser to the evaporator. Therefore these tools are often also called refrigerant flow controller. In various textbooks of thermodynamics, processes occurring in these devices is usually called a throttling process.
The amount of refrigerant flow rate is one factor that determines the amount of refrigeration capacity. For a small refrigeration system, the refrigerant flow rate required is also small. Instead the unit or a large refrigeration system will have large refrigerant flow rate as well. There are several types of expansion devices. Below is assigned to some of them.
a. Capillary tube (capillary tube - CT).
Form of copper pipe with holes smaller than about 1 mm in diameter, with height adjusted with keperluannya up to several meters. At various refrigeration units that use these pipes are usually strung to protect them from damage and compact placement.
Hole narrow channel and capillary tube length is an obstacle to the flow of refrigerant through it; barriers that limit the amount of flow that's it. This capillary tube produces a constant flow.
b. Hand expansion valve (hand / manual expansion valve - HEV).
It is a form of flow regulator valve or faucet used to, which is operated to adjust the opening manually.
c. Thermostatic expansion valve (thermostatic expansion valve - TEV).
In this device there are parts that can work thermostatic, which has a temperature sensor attached to the output of the evaporator. Temperature changes that occur at the output of the evaporator is a major indicator of small refrigeration load. Temperature variation was used to set the aperture TeV, so that the flow rate through it also be controlled.
d. Float valve (float valve - FV).
Expansion devices of this type is usually coupled with the evaporator type of 'puddle' (flooded evaporator, wet evaporator). Height (level) of fluid in the reservoir (reservoir) to drive the evaporator liquid that floats into the regulator valve opening.
3. Evaporator (evaporator - EV)
Evaporator is the component where the liquid refrigerant that goes into it will evaporate. The process of vaporization (evaporation), it occurs because the liquid refrigerant absorbs heat, ie refrigeration system which is a burden. There are two types of evaporators are:
a. Direct expansion evaporators (direct / dry expansion type - DX).
In this evaporator there is a section, namely at the output, which is designed always awake 'dry', meaning in part that the berfasa liquid refrigerant evaporates before it has been sucked out into the compressor inlet.
b. Evaporator inundation (flooded / wet expansion type).
In this type of evaporator entire inner surface of the evaporator is always flooded, or touching, with the refrigerant is a liquid. There is a reservoir (reservoir, low pressure receiver), where the liquid refrigerant collected, and from the top of the reservoir the refrigerant vapor formed in the evaporator is sucked into the compressor.
4. Compressor (compressor - CP)
The impact of operating a refrigeration system on an object is, if picked up some of the energy contained in it, the temperature of the object will decrease. Conversely, because the refrigeration system operation is then a number of displaced thermal energy to the environment, the environment can become warmer.
The following is a brief description of the main components of a mechanical refrigeration system:
1. Condenser (condenser - CD)
Condenser is the component where the refrigerant phase change process occurs, the vapor phase into liquid phase. From the process of condensation (condensation) that occur in it that was then this component gets its name. The process of condensation will take place when the refrigerant to release the heat it contains.
Heat is released and discharged into the environment. In order for heat to escape into the environment, then the condensation temperature (TKD) should be higher than the ambient temperature (Tling). Because the refrigerant is a substance that is very volatile, so for him to be made of high pressure condensed. Thus, the condenser is the part where the high-pressure refrigerant (PKD = high pressure - HP).
2. Counterfeit expansion (expansion devices - Exd)
This tool serves as a gate that regulates how much liquid refrigerant is allowed to flow from the condenser to the evaporator. Therefore these tools are often also called refrigerant flow controller. In various textbooks of thermodynamics, processes occurring in these devices is usually called a throttling process.
The amount of refrigerant flow rate is one factor that determines the amount of refrigeration capacity. For a small refrigeration system, the refrigerant flow rate required is also small. Instead the unit or a large refrigeration system will have large refrigerant flow rate as well. There are several types of expansion devices. Below is assigned to some of them.
a. Capillary tube (capillary tube - CT).
Form of copper pipe with holes smaller than about 1 mm in diameter, with height adjusted with keperluannya up to several meters. At various refrigeration units that use these pipes are usually strung to protect them from damage and compact placement.
Hole narrow channel and capillary tube length is an obstacle to the flow of refrigerant through it; barriers that limit the amount of flow that's it. This capillary tube produces a constant flow.
b. Hand expansion valve (hand / manual expansion valve - HEV).
It is a form of flow regulator valve or faucet used to, which is operated to adjust the opening manually.
c. Thermostatic expansion valve (thermostatic expansion valve - TEV).
In this device there are parts that can work thermostatic, which has a temperature sensor attached to the output of the evaporator. Temperature changes that occur at the output of the evaporator is a major indicator of small refrigeration load. Temperature variation was used to set the aperture TeV, so that the flow rate through it also be controlled.
d. Float valve (float valve - FV).
Expansion devices of this type is usually coupled with the evaporator type of 'puddle' (flooded evaporator, wet evaporator). Height (level) of fluid in the reservoir (reservoir) to drive the evaporator liquid that floats into the regulator valve opening.
3. Evaporator (evaporator - EV)
Evaporator is the component where the liquid refrigerant that goes into it will evaporate. The process of vaporization (evaporation), it occurs because the liquid refrigerant absorbs heat, ie refrigeration system which is a burden. There are two types of evaporators are:
a. Direct expansion evaporators (direct / dry expansion type - DX).
In this evaporator there is a section, namely at the output, which is designed always awake 'dry', meaning in part that the berfasa liquid refrigerant evaporates before it has been sucked out into the compressor inlet.
b. Evaporator inundation (flooded / wet expansion type).
In this type of evaporator entire inner surface of the evaporator is always flooded, or touching, with the refrigerant is a liquid. There is a reservoir (reservoir, low pressure receiver), where the liquid refrigerant collected, and from the top of the reservoir the refrigerant vapor formed in the evaporator is sucked into the compressor.
4. Compressor (compressor - CP)
The compressor is a component which is the heart of the refrigeration system. Compressors work sucking the refrigerant vapor from the evaporator and pushed by means of compression to flow into the condenser.
Because the refrigerant compressor drain device expansion while restricting the flow, then in between these two components were stirred pressure difference, namely: the condenser refrigerant pressure is high (high pressure - HP), while in the evaporator refrigerant pressure is low (low pressure - LP).
Because the refrigerant compressor drain device expansion while restricting the flow, then in between these two components were stirred pressure difference, namely: the condenser refrigerant pressure is high (high pressure - HP), while in the evaporator refrigerant pressure is low (low pressure - LP).
Mechanical Refrigeration System
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